Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

Coronary Heart Disease, often abbreviated as CHD, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which supply oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to the heart muscle. This progressive disease is primarily caused by the buildup of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances, collectively known as plaque, on the inner walls of the coronary arteries. The formation of plaque can lead to atherosclerosis, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle.

Common symptoms include:

1. Angina Pectoris: Chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn’t receive enough oxygen-rich blood. This pain is often described as a squeezing or pressure sensation in the chest and may radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, shoulder, or back.
2. Shortness of Breath (Dyspnea): Difficulty breathing, especially during physical activity or exertion, is a common symptom of CHD. It occurs due to the heart’s inability to pump blood effectively, leading to a reduced oxygen supply to the body.
3. Fatigue and Weakness: Reduced blood flow to the heart can result in fatigue and weakness, as the body’s organs and tissues may not receive an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients.
4. Rapid or Irregular Heartbeat (Arrhythmia): CHD can disrupt the normal electrical signals in the heart, leading to irregular heartbeats. This can cause palpitations, a fluttering sensation in the chest, or a feeling of the heart racing.
5. Sweating: Excessive sweating, especially when not related to physical activity or warm temperatures, can be a symptom of CHD. It may occur along with other symptoms during episodes of angina or heart attacks.
6. Nausea and Vomiting: Some individuals with CHD may experience nausea or vomiting, particularly during episodes of angina or heart attacks.

Coronary Heart Disease is a significant global health concern and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Early detection, proper management, and lifestyle adjustments play crucial roles in preventing and managing this cardiovascular condition. Regular medical check-ups and adherence to prescribed treatments are essential for individuals at risk or diagnosed with CHD.